What is a common function of both standard and extended ACLs?

The correct answer highlights a fundamental capability of both standard and extended Access Control Lists (ACLs): their ability to filter traffic based on source IP addresses. This is a crucial aspect of how ACLs manage and regulate traffic flow in network environments.

Standard ACLs primarily focus on filtering traffic based solely on the source IP address, allowing or denying packets from specific hosts or networks. This capability is essential for enforcing security policies by controlling which devices can access the network or communicate with others.

Extended ACLs, on the other hand, while having additional filtering features such as the ability to evaluate destination IP addresses, protocols, and even port numbers, still retain the functionality to filter based on the source IP address. This feature enables network administrators to create more granular rules that can specify not only the source but also the type of traffic and the communication endpoints, allowing for complex traffic management strategies.

The other options do not accurately represent a shared function of both types of ACLs. For instance, the ability to log traffic is more prevalent in extended ACLs, while standard ACLs do not inherently offer this feature. Also, both standard and extended ACLs can be applied beyond just routers; they can also be used on switches and various network devices that support ACL configurations. Lastly