How does a VPN enhance network security?

A Virtual Private Network (VPN) enhances network security primarily by encrypting internet traffic and masking IP addresses. When a user connects to the internet through a VPN, their data is securely transmitted through an encrypted tunnel, making it nearly impossible for outsiders to intercept or read the data being transmitted. This encryption protects sensitive information from potential threats such as eavesdropping, hacking, or data theft.

Additionally, by masking the user's actual IP address, a VPN provides an additional layer of anonymity. This makes it difficult for third parties, including hackers and advertisers, to track the user's online activity or identify their physical location. This dual-functionality of encryption and IP masking significantly increases the security and privacy of network communications.

Other options, while potentially relevant to network security, do not represent the primary functions that a VPN serves in enhancing security. Blocking unauthorized access to files is generally more related to access control measures, monitoring network traffic pertains to intrusion detection systems, and limiting bandwidth affects performance rather than directly contributing to security. Therefore, the ability of a VPN to encrypt and mask is what distinctly enhances network security.